Aging of Reproductive Systems- A Review Article: (IGWHC)- Lupine Publishers
Aging is an irreversible, progressive and complex process that is
manifested with macroscopic and microscopic changes in tissues, organs
and systems. Human aging starts at the age of 30-40 years. The causes of
aging remain unclear but reactive oxygen species and mitochondrial
damage are the two acceptable theories. Stimulation of autophagy,
caloric restriction and physical exercise are supposed to slow down the
aging changes. Thyrotropin releasing hormone and melatonin are
considered as antiaging factors. Despite the increase in human
life-expectancy, the reproductive organs are the earliest to reveal
adverse age-related changes. In male aging there are decreased level of
serum testosterone, decline in sperm count and quality, and derangement
of androgen target organs such as bone, muscle, and psychosexual
function. Older father will likely give rise to an offspring with
genetic anomaly, childhood cancer, and or neuropsychiatric disorder.
Inflammaging in women is an age-dependent low-grade and chronic
inflammation that accelerates reproductive dysfunction in the ovaries,
uterine tubes and uterus. Experimental researches have revealed
increased fibrosis of ovarian stroma in old female animals. Sex
hormones- replacement therapy should be cautiously adopted in aging
individuals.
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